Selenium ide инструкция для чайников

Installation

Install Selenium IDE from either the Chrome or Firefox web store.

Launch the IDE

Once installed, launch it by clicking its icon from the menu bar in your browser.

Troubleshooting

Don’t see the icon for Selenium IDE in your menu-bar?

Option 1

Make sure the IDE is enabled in your browser’s extension settings.

You can get there quickly by typing the following into your address bar and hitting Enter.

• Chrome: chrome://extensions
• Firefox: about:addons

Option 2

The extension might be enabled but the icon is hidden. Try resizing the menu bar to give it more space.

In Chrome, you can do this by clicking to the right of the address bar, holding the click, and dragging it left or right.

In Firefox you need to right-click, click Customize, make adjustments to the menu bar, and click Done.

Welcome Screen

Upon launching the IDE you will be presented with a welcome dialog.

This will give you quick access to the following options:

• Record a new test in a new project
• Open an existing project
• Create a new project
• Close the IDE

If this is your first time using the IDE (or you are starting a new project), then select the first option.

Recording your first test

After creating a new project you will be prompted to name it and then asked to provide a base URL. The base URL is the URL of the application you are testing. It’s something you set once and it gets used across all of the tests in this project. You can change it later if need-be.

After completing these settings, a new browser window will open, load the base URL, and start recording.

Interact with the page and each of your actions will be recorded in the IDE. To stop recording, switch to the IDE window and click the recording icon.

Organizing your tests

Tests

You can add a new test by clicking the + symbol at the top of left side-bar menu (to the right of the Tests heading), naming it, and clicking ADD.

Once added you can either input commands manually, or click the record icon in the top-right of the IDE.

Suites

Tests can be grouped together into suites.

On project creation, a Default Suite gets created and your first test gets added to it automatically.

To create and manage suites go to the Test suites panel. You can get there by clicking the drop-down at the top of the left side-bar menu (e.g., click on the word Tests) and selecting Test suites.

Add a suite

To add a suite, click the + symbol at the top of the left side-bar menu to the right of the Test Suites heading, provide a name, and click ADD.

Add a test

To add a test to a suite hover over the suite name, then do the following:

1. Click on the icon that appears to the right of the Test Suites heading
2. Click Add tests
3. Select the tests you want to add from the menu
4. Click Select

Remove a test

To remove a test, hover your mouse over the test and click the X that appears to the right of the name.

Remove or rename a suite

To remove a suite click the icon that appears to the right of its name, click Delete, and click Delete again when prompted.

To rename a suite hover over the suite name, click the icon that appears to the right of the name, click Rename, update the name, and click RENAME.

Save your work

To save everything you’ve just done in the IDE, click the save icon in the top-right corner of the IDE.

It will prompt you to for a location and name of where to save the project. The end result is a single file with a .side extension.

Playback

In-browser

You can play tests back in the IDE by selecting the test or suite you’d like to play and clicking the play button in the menu bar above the test editor.

The test(s) will play back in the browser. If a window is still open from recording, it will be used for playback. Otherwise, a new window will be opened and used.

Cross-browser

If you want to run your IDE tests on additional browsers, be sure to check out the command-line runner.

Selenium IDE Tutorial For Beginner

In this article we will go through the basic steps on how to install and use the Selenium IDE plugin for testing your website.

Article Agenda:

1. Install the Selenium IDE
2. Record your first test case
3. run your first test case and see the results
4. Create and edit test cases manually
5. Save test cases & test suits
6. Load & run test suits
7. More About Target Locators
8. More Commands

Install the Selenium IDE

The first thing you need to do is installing the Selenium IDE. The Selenium IDE is a plugin for Firefox which is not available in the add-ons manager. You need to download and install it manually.

Since you want to install a Firefox plugin, you should perform all of the following steps in your Firefox browser.

1. First  click to download/install the latest version of the Selenium IDE (2.9.0) here.Or go to http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/, scroll down to “Selenium IDE” and click on the link to download/install the latest released version.
2. If your Firefox browser tells you, that it prevented the site to install software on your computer, click “allow”.
3. When the next window “software installation” pops up, click on “install now” to install the different parts of the Selenium IDE. 
4. Restart your browser.
5. Now you should see the icon of the Selenium IDE in your toolbar.

Record your first test case

1. If you have not already, open your Firefox browser.
2. Navigate to google.com. We will use this site for our sample test case.
3. Click on the Selenium IDE icon in the toolbar.
4. The Selenium IDE opens and should look like this:
5. If it is not activated already, click the record button to start recording your actions on the website.
6. Now in the browser window, click in the search input field and type: “Selenium”
7. Hit Enter
8. Click on the first search result (“Selenium – Web Browser Automation”)
9. Right-Click on the headline “What is Selenium?” to open the context menu.
10. In the context menu go to “Show All Available Commands” > “assertText: css=h2 exact:What is Selenium?” and click on it.
11. Switch to the Selenium IDE window. It should now look something like this:
12. Congrats: You recorded you first test case, which tests if the headline on the page of the first test result when you search at google.com for “Selenim” is “What is Selenium?”

Run your first test case and see the results

1. You should still have the Selenium IDE open with the just recorded test case.
2. Click the second green play button in the toolbar to play the current test case.
3. Probably the test run will fail and look like this:
4. So what is going wrong here? The second step that we recorded is to type in “Selenium”. The next step ist to click on the first search result. The Selenium IDE tries to perform the third step directly after the second step, but google.com needs a little time to load the search results before we can click on it. The Selenium IDE “thinks” that the desired link is not there and that is why the third step fails.
5. Fix: We give Google a little time to load the search result before we click on it. To do this do a right click on the third command and in the context menu choose “Insert New Command”.
6. Type (or select from the list) in the Command-Field “pause” and in the Target-Field 2000. That will pause the test execution for 2000 millisecond = 2 seconds. That should be plenty of time for Google to load the test results.
7. Hit the play button again.
8. The test case should pass now and the Selenium IDE should look something like this:

Creating Test Cases Manually

If you prefer not to record the single test steps but to define them manually, please read through the next example. We will Test if we can search on Wikipedia for “Banana” and if the Headline of the page is “Banana”.

To understand this part of the tutorial you will need a basic understanding of HTML!

1. Creat a new test case by clicking on “File > New Test Case” (or pressing Ctrl + N).
2. Click in the first row and then type in the Command-Field: “open”. Type in the Target-Field: “https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page”
3. After every command you add to the test case, you should hit the “Play current test case”-Button (the second green arrow) to see if your test case works so far.
4. Click in the second row and type in the Command-Field or select from the Command-List: “sendKeys”
5. Then, next to the Target-Field, click on “Select”.
6. Klick on the search box of Wikipedia. 
7. In the current Target-Field should appear “id=searchInput”. This is the locator which identifies the element on which we want to use the current command.
8. Type in the Value-Field: “Banana”
9. To execute the search, we need to submit the form of the search input field. The easiest way to locate an element on a web page is a unique id. To find out whether the wrapping form of the search input field has a unique id, right click on the search field and choose “Inspect Element” in the context menu.
10. The developer tools open and we can inspect the html code. Here we see that the wrapping html-form has a uniqe id: “searchform”.
11. With this information add the next command: submitAndWait with the target: “id=searchform”. We are choosing submitAndWait as an alternative to add “pause” again, sothat the Selenium IDE will wait for the page to load before continuing with the next test step.
12. Add one more command: assertText, use the “Select”-Button next to the target field again to fill in the target by clicking on the headline “Banana” of the Wikipedia page. Type in the Value-Field “Banana”.
13. Run the test case. The result should look like this: 

Save test cases & test suits

1. Go to File > Save Test Case As… to save the current test case.
2. Double-click on your second test case and save as well.
3. Go to File > Save Test Suite As… to save the whole suite (the collection of your test cases).
4. Now you can close the Selenium IDE and Firefox without loosing your work. Everything is safe.

Load & run test suits

1. Open Firefox again and open the Selenium IDE by clicking the icon in the toolbar.
2. Go to File > Open Test Suite…
3. Browse to the location where you saved your test suite, select it and press “open”.
4. To run the whole suite (all test cases in the suite) click on the first green arrow:
5. Now the Selenium IDE will execute one after another all test cases that are in your current test suite. The result should look like this (only the names might differ depending on the names you chose for your test cases when saving them):

More About Target Locators

For most commands you need to use a locator in the Target Field of the Selenium IDE to tell the tool on which element of the web page the command should be used. There are four different ways to locate elements (which are the same for the Selenium IDE and FRET) that are explained here.

More Commands

In this tutorial you already used the some important commands:

• open
• type
• pause
• clickAndWait
• assertText
• sendKeys
• submitAndWait

There are various more commands to simulate all kinds of different user interactions with a website. We are working on a command reference and until then please refer to seleniumhq.org and the Selenium Documentation.

Welcome to a fascinating journey into the Selenium IDE world, aspirant testers and tech enthusiasts.

This tutorial is your key to mastering Selenium IDE’s amazing features, whether you’re a novice eager to delve into the world of automated testing or a seasoned professional looking to improve your skills.

Prepare for an exciting journey as we uncover this tool’s secrets and give you the knowledge and abilities to write reliable, effective test automation scripts. So prepare for an insightful Selenium IDE tutorial that will elevate your testing game by grabbing your virtual testing lab coat and donning your coding glasses.

Latest News About Selenium IDE

Selenium IDE encountered a fork in its journey when Firefox’s unfortunate withdrawal of support presented itself.

A brand-new Selenium IDE that is independent of any particular browser was developed as a result of the quick response of the committed Selenium community to the challenge.

This updated Selenium IDE, developed as a web extension, offers a plethora of improvements and features that address the changing requirements of automated testing.

The new Selenium IDE, which embraces a cross-browser approach, supports popular browsers like Chrome and Firefox, giving testers the ability to seamlessly run their automated tests across various platforms.

The new Selenium IDE features a new and dynamic interface with enhanced recording capabilities, advanced debugging tools, and comprehensive test reports that continue to streamline the test automation process for both novices and experts.

+This tenacious transformation proves the Selenium community’s unwavering dedication to offering an exceptional testing experience and guarantees that Selenium IDE continues to flourish even in the face of shifting technological environments.

Features of the New IDE

Cross-Browser Compatibility: By supporting popular web browsers like Chrome and Firefox, the new Selenium IDE enables testers to create and run tests on various platforms.

Improved Recording and Playback: Testers can easily record and automate their interactions with web applications thanks to improved recording capabilities. The playback feature makes sure that tests go off without a hitch and consistently.

Intelligent Element Locators: The IDE offers intelligent locators that adjust to changes in the application’s structure, simplifying test maintenance and lowering the demand for ongoing updates.

Strong Debugging Tools: With features like breakpoints, step-by-step execution, and variable inspection, debugging is made simple. The root causes of failures can be found and efficiently resolved by testers.

Test Data Management: The IDE provides a range of adaptable options for handling test data, such as data-driven testing, which enables testers to run the same test against various datasets.

Customizable: Selenium IDE can be customized and extended using plugins and custom scripts, allowing testers to improve its functionality in accordance with their unique needs.

Test reporting and metrics: The IDE generates thorough reports that include specific information about test results, such as pass/fail status, execution time, and screenshots. These reports help identify areas that need more attention and offer insightful information about test coverage.

Collaboration and Knowledge Sharing: Test scripts are easily shared and worked on by teams, encouraging productive teamwork and knowledge exchange.

Integration with Selenium Grid: Thanks to the new Selenium IDE’s seamless integration with Selenium Grid, testers can distribute tests across multiple machines and run them concurrently, greatly cutting down on the time it takes to complete a test.

Support for Continuous Integration (CI): The IDE easily integrates with well-known CI/CD tools, giving testers the ability to incorporate automated tests into their development workflows and achieve continuous testing.

About Selenium IDE

Selenium integrated development environment that is plugged into Firefox. It is an automation testing tool that is very simple, easy and user-friendly.  It offers easy installation, learning, and creation of test scripts. Selenium IDE is based on record and playback principle. It is good for all kinds of testing.

Features of Selenium IDE That Makes it the Best!

Selenium is a widely used automation testing tool and offers extensive features. Some of the common features of Selenium IDE are:

• It offers an easy and simple record and playback features
• Supports Intelligent field selection
• Auto-completion of Selenium commands
• Walkthrough tests
• Easy Debugging capabilities
• Easy setting of breakpoints
• Save tests as HTML, Ruby, Python, C# scripts, or any other format
• Supports Selenium user-extensions.js
• Supports automatic assertion of title for all pages
• Supports easy customization
• Does not require programming skills

The Drawback of Selenium IDE

Selenium IDE is a Firefox plug-in hence it supports only Firefox and the test scripts Created in Selenium IDE can only be executed in the Firefox browser.

Step-by-Step Tutorial about learning Selenium IDE

Downloading and Installing Selenium IDE

Now when we have a good idea on what is Selenium IDE, let us move to the next step of Downloading and Installing Selenium IDE.
To download Selenium IDE you need to have Mozilla Firefox, if you have it well and good if you don’t have it, download it.

Steps to download and install Selenium IDE

1)     Launch Mozilla Firefox Browser.
2)      Open Selenium IDE Add-ons page by typing URL: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-us/firefox/addon/selenium-ide/ in your browser. Next Click on Add to Firefox button.

3)     You will get a popup asking for your permission to install Selenium IDE Add-ons or not. Click the Install button over the popup.

4)     Firefox will then install Selenium IDE software and you will get a popup asking you to restart the Firefox. Click the restart button. The Selenium installation will now be reflected on your browser.
5)     After you restart you ur browser you can find the selenium IDE under the tools menu list present at the top bar

6)     Click on selenium ide your selenium ide will launch

Sections of Selenium IDE

Selenium IDE is divided into different sections. Before start working on it, you must know about these categories:

Menu Bar

present at the uppermost of the Selenium IDE window. The menu bar consists of five sub-modules.

File Menu

 File Menu Create, Save and Export Test Case and Test Suite of Selenium IDE. You can open the file menu by pressing Alt + F, or by clicking on the File menu.

Under File menu you can find:

• New Test Case: It creates a new blank Test Case
• Open: It  Open already saved Test Cases.
• Save Test Case: Saves the opened Test case.
• Save Test Case As: Saves opened Test Case in a specific location and has a specific name.
• Export Test Case As: Assists exporting test cases in various languages like Ruby/Python/Java/C# in both Selenium Remote Control and Selenium WebDriver Format.
• Recent Test Cases: Returns a list of few last saved Test Cases.
• Add Test Case: Search test cases and merge them into the currently opened test case.
• Properties: returns the properties opened test case.
• New Test Suite: creates a blank Test Suite
• Open Test Suite: Opens existing Test Suite.
• Save Test Suite: Saves opened Test Suite.
• Save Test Suite As: Saves opened Test Suite in a specific location and has a specific name.
• Export Test Suite As: Assists exporting test Suite in various languages like Ruby/Python/Java/C# in both Selenium Remote Control and Selenium WebDriver Format.
• Recent Test Suites: Returns a list of few last saved Test Suite.

Default Interface of Selenium IDE

Edit Menu

Edit Menu helps to Cut Copy Paste and Insert Command in Selenium IDE Test. You can open the Edit menu by pressing Alt + E, or by clicking on the Edit menu.
Under the Edit menu you can find:

• Undo: last action or few last performed actions are undone
• Redo: Re-do the last undone action or series of last undone actions.
• Cut: Copies and removes the selected command or test step from the current location to some other location in the test.
• Copy: Copies selected command or test step from current location to some other location in the test. But it does not remove the command from the previous locations.
• Paste: Pastes cut/copied command to a selected location in the test.
• Delete: Deletes the chosen command.
• Select All: Select all the commands in Test Step Pane.
• Insert New Command: Insert a  row at a selected location to write new commands
• Insert New Comment: Insert a  row at a selected location to write a new comment

Read also: Selenium 4: New Features and Updates

Actions Menu

Helps us to learn Options to Record Play Run And Debug Selenium IDE Test.

• Record: It Records the user actions on the webpage via the Firefox Web Browser. While recording, the menu item keeps displaying a chack against items.
• Play Entire test suite: it play-back/re-run every Test Case in the Test Case Pane, following top to bottom approach.
• Play the current test case: play-back the selected Test Case.
• Playtest Suites periodically: let the specified test suite to execute at specific times. It is the best way when test suits are required to be rerun periodically as it does not require any human intervention, once specified it will rerun test cases automatically
• Toggle Breakpoint: allows you to specify one or more breakpoint(s) to forcefully break the execution at specified steps.
• Set / Clear Start Point: it permits the testers to select a start point to start executing the test. It is important for subsequent runs.
• Pause / Resume: this enables the pausing and resuming of the test at any point between the test execution.
• Step: it permits to step through the playing-back of the test case. It is important for debugging purposes.
• Execute this command: This allows testers to execute a particular command instead of executing the complete test case. It is important when testers want to see the behavior of any specific command
• Fastest/Faster/Slower/Slowest: it allows you to set the execution speed from fastest to lowest concerning the responsiveness of the application under test.

Other categories available at Menu Bar are:

Options Menu and Help Menu

Tool Bar

The ToolBar includes the Buttons that Control the execution of test cases, for debugging the test cases, setting up the speed of the test, Stopping, Playing and Recording of test cases.

Test Case Pane

All the test cases recorded by IDE are available in Test Case Pane. It can open more than one test case at the same time and supports easy shuffling between the test cases.

It also offers Test Execution Result Summary including entire Test Suite status, Total number of Test Executed, etc.

Test Case Pane

It is the place where Test Case Steps are recorded. All the user actions are recorded in the order they are performed. It also allows the editing and changing of the test cases

Output Pane

The bottom pane or the Log Pane offers the following functions

• Log, 
• Reference, 
• UI-Element, and 
• Rollup 

The function performed depends upon which tab is selected.

Record the Selenium IDE Test Case.

1. Launch Firefox Selenium IDE. Type the URL. Click the Record button, a red button on the top right corner. It will record Test Cases.
2. In Firefox, type the same URL as in step 1. Firefox will take you to the related webpage.
3. Right-click anywhere on this page, you will get Selenium IDE context menu. In the context menu go to Show Available Commands> Web Page Name.
4. Click on MyAccount
5. Enter UserName and Password and then click on the login button.
6. To stop the recording click the record button again. Click on the Table tab and you will be able to see the recorded commands.
7. Click on the Source tab to see HTML Code.

Read also: 11 Awesome Selenium Alternatives For Testers in 2019

Save the Selenium IDE Test Case.

1. To save a test case go to File Menu and click on Save Test Case As.

File -> Save Test Case As.

1. Choose the desired location and give your file a name and click on Save.
2. You can see the name of the saved test case on the left-hand side.
3. The file will be saved as HTML.

Playback Selenium IDE Test Script

Open a new tab Firefox. Click the Play button in Selenium IDE. It will execute the previously recorded tests.
Selenium Commands

Selenium commands or Selenese are a set of test cases that are deployed to test web applications using Selenium.
Selenium commands are of three types:

Actions

Actions commands control the state of the application. Operations under action commands are:

1. type this box,
2. click this link
3. select option.

Some of these commands can be suffixed with AndWait like click and wait, type and wait. This prompts Selenium to wait until the web page is loaded. If these commands fail, the existing test is stopped.

Accessors

These commands automatically create Assertions and inspect the state of the application.

Assertions

They inspect the state of the application adapts to what is anticipated.
They can be further divided into three categories:

• Assert:
• Verify:
• WaitFor:

Some of the Commonly used commands in Selenium IDE:

• type: Set the value of the input field
• open: Opens a web page through the given URL.
• click clicks on a checkbox, link, button or radio button.
• clickAndWait: When you click on the checkbox, link, button or radio button, and a new page is loaded it calls waitForPageToLoad.
• select: It selects an option drop-down.
• selectFrame: It is used to select a frame from the present window.
• verify title/assert title: Authenticates an anticipated page title.
• verifyElementPresent: Confirms if the
• indicated element is present on the page.
• highlight: Altersthe backgroundColor of the indicated element.
• pause: Wait for the indicated time period
• echo: Prints indicated message in your Selenium command tables.

What are Locators?

Locators in Selenium IDE are used to find and match the elements in the web page that are required to communicate with. The use of the right locator promises faster, more trustworthy and low maintenance tests. But choosing the right locators can sometimes become a challenging task.

Locators in selenium IDE

Locators tell on which GUI elements do Selenium IDE needs to operate on. The correct identification of the locators is very important and it is equally challenging.
There are many commands in Selenium IDE that do not require Locators, but most of the commands do require locators. The locators to be used depends on the AUT.
The various types of locator are:

Locator: ID

It is a common way to locate different elements as every element has a unique ID.

Target Format: id=id of the element

Consider any test app, let it be Facebook.

• Check the “Email” text box using Firebug and note down Locator: ID
• Launch Selenium IDE and write “id=(Locator ID you retrieved in the first step)” in the Target box. When you click on the Find button next to the target box, the “Email ID” text box will be emphasized with a yellow and green border. This means that Selenium IDE has located the “Email ID” text box correctly.

Locator: Name

Locator name is quite similar to Locator: ID. The only difference is that here we use name instead of ID.
Target Format: name=name of the element.
Consider any test app, let it be Facebook.

• Check the “Email” text box using Firebug and note down Locator: Name
• Launch Selenium IDE and write “Name=(Locator name you retrieved in the first step)” in the Target box. When you click on the Find button next to the target box, the “Email ID” text box will be emphasized with a yellow and green border. This means that Selenium IDE has located the “Email ID” text box correctly.

Locator: Link

This locator is used for hyperlink texts. It can be used by beginning the target with “link=” tailed by hyperlink text.
Target Format: link=link_text

Consider any web app as a text app.

• Check any element that has a hyperlink text and  using Firebug and notes down Link Text
• Launch Selenium IDE and write “Link =(Link Text you retrieved in the first step)” in the Target box. When you click on the Find button next to the target box, the corresponding text box will be emphasized with a yellow and green border. This means that Selenium IDE has located the element correctly.

Locator: CSS

CSS Selectors are though a complex method to locate elements on a web page, but they are the most preferred method of locating elements in advanced Selenium as they can even detect elements that have no name or no ID.
CSS Selectors are also strung patterns That has the ability to recognize an element based on its arrangement of HTML tag, id, class, and attributes. CSS Selectors have many formats, but the most  common are:

• Tag and ID
• Tag and class
• Tag and attribute
• Tag, class, and attribute
• Inner text

Locator: Xpath

XPath is a language for navigating the DOM (document object model) of a web page. It can locate any element on the web page and is hence the most potent and supple locator.

Some of the Firefox Add-ons that can help in finding  XPath of an element:

• Firebug
• XPath Checker
• File path
• XPath Finder

Locator: DOM

The Document Object Model is an HTML document that can be accessed using JavaScript. It uses hierarchical dotted notation to locate an element on the page.

Conclusion

If you wish to learn more about selenium we have comprised a tutorial just for you which will take you deep into the tool.

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Frequently Asked Question(s)